MediaDevices

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since September 2017.

Secure context: This feature is available only in secure contexts (HTTPS), in some or all supporting browsers.

The MediaDevices interface of the Media Capture and Streams API provides access to connected media input devices like cameras and microphones, as well as screen sharing. In essence, it lets you obtain access to any hardware source of media data.

Instance properties

Inherits properties from its parent interface, EventTarget.

Instance methods

Inherits methods from its parent interface, EventTarget.

enumerateDevices(): Obtains an array of information about the media input and output devices available on the system.
getSupportedConstraints(): Returns an object conforming to MediaTrackSupportedConstraints indicating which constrainable properties are supported on the MediaStreamTrack interface. See Media Streams API to learn more about constraints and how to use them.
getDisplayMedia(): Prompts the user to select a display or portion of a display (such as a window) to capture as a MediaStream for sharing or recording purposes. Returns a promise that resolves to a MediaStream.
getUserMedia(): With the user's permission through a prompt, turns on a camera and/or a microphone on the system and provides a MediaStream containing a video track and/or an audio track with the input.
selectAudioOutput() Experimental: Prompts the user to select a specific audio output device.

Events

devicechange: Fired when a media input or output device is attached to or removed from the user's computer.

Example

js

// Put variables in global scope to make them available to the browser console.
const video = document.querySelector("video");
const constraints = {
  audio: false,
  video: true,
};

navigator.mediaDevices
  .getUserMedia(constraints)
  .then((stream) => {
    const videoTracks = stream.getVideoTracks();
    console.log("Got stream with constraints:", constraints);
    console.log(`Using video device: ${videoTracks[0].label}`);
    stream.onremovetrack = () => {
      console.log("Stream ended");
    };
    video.srcObject = stream;
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    if (error.name === "OverconstrainedError") {
      console.error(
        `The resolution ${constraints.video.width.exact}x${constraints.video.height.exact} px is not supported by your device.`,
      );
    } else if (error.name === "NotAllowedError") {
      console.error(
        "You need to grant this page permission to access your camera and microphone.",
      );
    } else {
      console.error(`getUserMedia error: ${error.name}`, error);
    }
  });

Specifications

Specification
Media Capture and Streams # mediadevices

Browser compatibility

	Desktop						Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Opera	Safari	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet	WebView Android
`MediaDevices`	47	12	33	30	11	47	36	30	11	5.0	47
`devicechange_event`	57	12	52	34	11	No	52	No	11	No	No
`enumerateDevices`	47	12	116 `enumerateDevices()` enumerates both input and output devices. Previously only input devices were returned. 39 `enumerateDevices()` only returns input devices.	34	11	47	116 `enumerateDevices()` enumerates both input and output devices. Previously only input devices were returned. 39 `enumerateDevices()` only returns input devices.	34	11	5.0	47
`getDisplayMedia`	72	79 17–79 Available as a member of `Navigator` instead of `MediaDevices`.	66 33–66 Since Firefox 33 you can capture screen data using `getUserMedia()`, with a `video` constraint called `mediaSource`. Before 52 it relied on a client-configurable list of allowed sites.	60	13	No From Chrome Android 72 to 88, this method was exposed, but always failed with `NotAllowedError`. See bug 487935.	No From Firefox Android 66 to 79, this method was exposed, but always failed with `NotAllowedError`.	No From Opera Android 72 to 88, this method was exposed, but always failed with `NotAllowedError`. See bug 487935.	No	No From Samsung Internet Android 72 to 88, this method was exposed, but always failed with `NotAllowedError`. See bug 487935.	No From Chrome Android 72 to 88, this method was exposed, but always failed with `NotAllowedError`. See bug 487935.
`getSupportedConstraints`	53	12	44	40	11	52	50	41	11	6.0	53
`getUserMedia`	53 If you need this capability before version 53, refer to `navigator.webkitGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.	12	36 ["If you need this capability before version 36, refer to `navigator.mozGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.", "Before Firefox 55, `getUserMedia()` incorrectly returns `NotSupportedError` when the list of constraints specified is empty, or has all constraints set to `false`. Starting in Firefox 55, this situation now correctly calls the failure handler with a `TypeError`.", "When using the Firefox-specific `video` constraint called `mediaSource` to request display capture, Firefox 66 and later consider values of `screen` and `window` to both cause a list of screens and windows to be shown.", "Starting in Firefox 66, `getUserMedia()` can no longer be used in sandboxed `<iframe>`s or `data` URLs entered in the address bar by the user."]	40 If you need this capability before version 40, refer to `navigator.webkitGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.	11	53 If you need this capability before version 53, refer to `navigator.webkitGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.	36 ["If you need this capability before version 36, refer to `navigator.mozGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.", "Before Firefox 55, `getUserMedia()` incorrectly returns `NotSupportedError` when the list of constraints specified is empty, or has all constraints set to `false`. Starting in Firefox 55, this situation now correctly calls the failure handler with a `TypeError`.", "When using the Firefox-specific `video` constraint called `mediaSource` to request display capture, Firefox 66 and later consider values of `screen` and `window` to both cause a list of screens and windows to be shown.", "Starting in Firefox 66, `getUserMedia()` can no longer be used in sandboxed `<iframe>`s or `data` URLs entered in the address bar by the user."]	41 If you need this capability before version 41, refer to `navigator.webkitGetUserMedia`, a prefixed form of the deprecated `navigator.getUserMedia` API.	11	6.0	53
`selectAudioOutput`	No	No	116	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
`setCaptureHandleConfig`	102	102	No	88	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

See also

Media Capture and Streams API: The API this interface is part of.
Screen Capture API: The API defining the getDisplayMedia() method.
WebRTC API
Navigator.mediaDevices: Returns a reference to a MediaDevices object that can be used to access devices.
CameraCaptureJS: HTML video capture and playback using MediaDevices and the MediaStream Recording API
OpenLang: HTML video language lab web application using MediaDevices and the MediaStream Recording API for video recording

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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/MediaDevices