So I know that to use ちゃう we use the て form a verb and delete the て and add ちゃう, however; how would this work for example with 話す as in
話す->話さない->話さなかった
If to say "I'm not speaking" is 話さなくている then to use ちゃう in here, do I say 話さなくちゃた to say "I didn't speak"?
ちゃう can be used in several completely different ways. Since you mentioned negation, I am certain you are entering the wild and wonderful world of the Osakan dialect.
As standard Japanese:
[Verb] + "ちゃう" means: （a contraction of て しまう）
"go ahead and..." (wasn't sure if you had permission to do so.) (see a delicious-looking cake and) 食べちゃう！ (I'm gonna eat it, though I'm not if it's for me or I'm even allowed.) This usage often conjugates as: 食べちゃおう！(with a nuance that I am hereby deciding to go ahead and...) WHen you have slight doubt; 食べちゃおうかな・・・？(maybe I'm gonna eat it...maybe not....dunno.)
"I screwed up and... A well-regarded marathon athelete, Seko, once said こけちゃいました！ in an interview. He tripped and fell, but picked himself up and kept going. こける means to trip while running. こけちゃう、 a contraction of こけてしまう、 means I tripped!
But ちゃう can be seen very often as an Osaka (Kansai) dialect of 違う(incorrect).
ちゃうでそれ。 no, that ain't right.
Osakan A: １０たす１２は２３やろ？
Osakan B: ちゃう、２２や。
A funny tongue twister with that would be:
Person A: "Hey, I see a little dog over there - is that a Chow chow?"
Person B: "That's not a chow chow. See?"
the second line goes:
ちゃうちゃうちゃうんちゃう？
【その犬が】チャウチャウ【であるという事は】違う（ちゃう, dialect）のでは（ん、dialect）ないですか（ちゃう？）
Now with that explained,
If to say "I'm not speaking" is 話さなくている then to use ちゃう in here, do I say 話さなくちゃた to say "I didn't speak"?
This, I'm sorry, sounds and is incorrect. If I hear someone say 話さなくちゃた, the first thing I'd think is this person isn't a native speaker. The giveaway is that the Osakan dialect ちゃう never conjugates. It never becomes ちゃた。 or ちゃった。And therefore, I'm forced to interpret it as the standard Japanese ちゃった。So the second thing I'd think is, probably it's meant to be:
話さなくなっちゃった, a contraction of 話さなくなってしまった。
(The person was takative, but all the sudden became quiet, and you wonder why s/he isn't talking anymore. You wonder if you've said something wrong.)
In sum, if you were trying to use ちゃう as a negative, you have to do a deep dive in Osaka dialect, which is no small feat if you are learning Japanese.
はなしとんちゃうでー！ which is missing a piece, in this usage it needs a topic it is about 国籍の話しとんちゃうで nooo I wasn't talkinga bout nationality! スープの話しとんちゃうで nooo I wans't talking about the soup!
If this is too confusing, don't use ちゃう to mean negative. You can do without it - in fact you want to refrain from using it to mean negative outside of Osaka/Kansai region. It would go as well as doing a thick new york accent in soutern California. If you do want to master it, live in Osaka for a couple of weeks and that'll do!
話さなくている is already ungrammatical without (て)しまう/ちゃう. The correct form is 話していない ("is not talking/telling" or "has not told") or 話さないでいる ("to keep it untold"). There are two ways of combining (て)いる and ない. See: ～ないでいる verb ending and 〜ていない vs 〜ないでいる. Also note that (て)いる has two different meanings (progressive and perfect).
To conjugate 話す, see the table below. When you "stack" conjugations, there is a certain order you have to remember. I didn't know whether you wanted to say 話していない or 話さないでいる, so the following table contains the conjugations of both.
| plain | -te-simau | -chau | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nonnegative | 話す | 話してしまう | 話しちゃう |
| negative | 話さない | 話してしまわない | 話しちゃわない |
| past | 話した | 話してしまった | 話しちゃった |
| past-negative | 話さなかった | 話してしまわなかった | 話しちゃわなかった |
| with ている | 話している1 | 話してしまっている2 | 話しちゃっている2 |
| with ていない | 話していない3 | 話してしまっていない4 | 話しちゃっていない4 |
| with ないでいる | 話さないでいる5 | 話してしまわないでいる6 | 話しちゃわないでいる6 |
1 can mean either "is talking/telling" or "has told"
2 "has told it (already, regrettably)" or sometimes "is telling it (although that's undesirable)"
3 can mean either "is not talking" or "has not told"
4 "has not told it (yet, because telling it is undesirable)"
5 "is keeping it untold"
6 "is keeping it untold (because telling it is undesirable)"
EDIT: In case you wanted to say something like "Unfortunately I haven't told it (to someone) yet" (i.e., the "untold" state itself is undesirable), it's difficult to express this using (て)しまう/ちゃう. You have to say (残念ながら)(まだ)話せていません or something.
ちゃう is a contracted form of てしまう. You use てしまう (ちゃう) when you regret something you have done or something has been completed. It doesn’t go well with a non-action like 話さない.
Having said that, it can be used for a change that has resulted in that state. The change that results in the state of “not speaking” can be expressed as 話さなくなる. If you regret that change or want to express its completeness, you can say 話さなくなってしまう or 話さなくなっちゃう.
However, this sounds like you are referring to someone other than yourself. It’s more natural to say [黙]{だま}っちゃう if you are talking about yourself.
By the way, 話さなくている sounds unnatural. It should be 話さないでいる.
