1460s in England

Events from the 1460s in England.

1460s in England
Other decades
1440s | 1450s | 1460s | 1470s | 1480s

Incumbents

Events
  • 1460
  • 1461
    • 2 February – Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Mortimer's Cross, Yorkist troops led by Edward, Earl of March defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper.[1]
    • 17 February – Wars of the Roses: At the Second Battle of St Albans, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick's army is defeated by a Lancastrian force under Queen Margaret, who recovers control of her husband.[1] The following day, the King's protectors, William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville and Sir Thomas Kyriell, are executed for treason
    • 4 March – Edward, Earl of March proclaimed as King Edward IV of England in London.[1]
    • 28 March – Wars of the Roses: The indecisive Battle of Ferrybridge is fought.
    • 29 March (Palm Sunday) – Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Towton, the bloodiest battle ever fought on British soil,[4] the Earl of March defeats Queen Margaret to make good his claim to the English throne.[3] Margaret escapes, initially to Linlithgow Palace near Edinburgh.
    • 25 April – Henry VI cedes Berwick upon Tweed to Scotland.[1]
    • 28 June – Coronation of King Edward IV.[4]
    • Cirencester Grammar School is founded by Lawrence Booth, Prince-bishop of Durham.
    • "Warkworth's" Chronicle begins.
  • 1462
    • April – Queen Margaret, with her son Edward, makes her way from Edinburgh via Bamburgh and Sluis to the court of France, where on 23 June she secretly offers the surrender of Calais in return for aid and on 28 June secures agreement for a French-supported expedition to England.[5]
    • 25 October – Queen Margaret leads an invasion of Northumberland with French forces under Pierre de Brézé. Picking up Henry VI in Scotland, they land at Bamburgh and briefly take Alnwick for the Lancastrians before being forced by an advancing Yorkist army and the wrecking of their fleet to take refuge at Berwick Castle, which is itself recaptured by Yorkists by Christmas.[1]
  • 1463
    • August – Queen Margaret leaves Scotland for France. She will never see her husband again and will not return to England until 1471.
    • 8 October – Truce of Hesdin ends French support for the Lancastrians.[1]
    • Importation of foreign playing cards banned to protect English manufacturers.[1]
  • 1464
    • 25 April – Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Hedgeley Moor, Yorkist forces under John Neville defeat Lancastrians under Sir Ralph Percy, who is killed.[1]
    • 1 May – Edward IV secretly marries Elizabeth Woodville. He keeps the marriage a secret until 14 September.[1]
    • 15 May – Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Hexham, Neville defeats the Lancastrian army. This marks the end of organized Lancastrian resistance for several years.
    • 1 June – Treaty of York, a 15-year truce with Scotland is signed.[1]
  • 1465
    • c. March – Re-foundation of Queens' College, Cambridge by Elizabeth Woodville.[1]
    • 26 May – Coronation of Elizabeth Woodville as Queen Consort.[1]
    • 13 July – Former King Henry VI is captured by Yorkist forces at Waddington, Lancashire, and imprisoned in the Tower of London.[3]
    • Reform of the coinage, including introduction of the Angel and the Rose Noble.[1]
  • 1466
    • Foundation of St Bartholomew's School, Newbury, Berkshire.
  • 1467
  • 1468
  • 1469
    • April–May – Rebellion in the north led by 'Robin of Redesdale'.[6]
    • June – Rebellion in the north led by 'Robin of Holderness'.[6]
    • 12 July – Earl of Warwick joins the rebels.[1]
    • 24 July – Wars of the Roses: Battle of Edgcote – Warwick's rebels led by 'Robin of Redesdale' are victorious over forces loyal to King Edward led by the Early of Pembroke, who is executed 3 days later.[6]
    • 29 July – King Edward arrested and imprisoned after his army abandons him.[1]
    • August–October – Caister Castle is besieged by John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk.
    • 10 September – Edward released by Warwick following widespread rioting.[1]

Births
  • 1460
    • Edward Sutton, 2nd Baron Dudley (died 1532)
    • Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester (died 1526)
  • 1461
    • Nicholas West, bishop and diplomat (died 1533)
  • 1462
    • Approximate date – Edmund Dudley, minister of Henry VII (executed 1510)
  • 1465
    • William Cornysh, composer (died 1523)
  • 1466
    • 11 February – Elizabeth of York, queen of Henry VII (died 1503)
  • 1467
    • January – John Colet, churchman and educational pioneer (died 1519)
    • 11 August – Mary of York, daughter of King Edward IV (died 1482)
    • John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, translator (died 1553)
    • John Yonge, ecclesiastic and diplomatist (died 1516)
    • William Latimer, churchman and scholar (died 1545)
  • 1468
    • Approximate date – John of Gloucester, Captain of Calais, illegitimate son of Richard III (executed? c. 1499)
  • 1469
    • 20 March – Cecily of York, princess (died 1507)

Deaths
  • 1460
  • 1461
    • 28 March – John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford (in battle) (born 1435)
    • 29 March (at the Battle of Towton)
      • Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland (born 1421)
      • Lionel de Welles, 6th Baron Welles (born 1406)
    • 6 November – John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (born 1415)
  • 1462
  • 1464
  • 1465
  • 1468
  • 1469
    • 12 August – Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers (executed) (born 1405)

References
  1. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 128–131. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  2. Bennett, Vanora. "London and the Wars of the Roses". Archived from the original on 2013-09-14. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
  3. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 183–185. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  4. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. p. 90. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  5. Dunn, Diana E. S. (2004). "Margaret (1430–1482)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/18049. Retrieved 2016-03-16. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
  6. Tucker, Penny (2021). "'Robin of Resesdale's Rebellion' of 1469". Northern History. 58: 239–58.
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