10th century in England

Events from the 10th century in the Kingdom of England.

10th century in England
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Events
  • 902
    • Irish Norsemen, expelled from Dublin, establish colonies on The Wirral.[1]
  • 909
  • 910–920
  • 910
  • 911
  • 912
    • Æthelflæd of Mercia begins to establish fortified burhs, including one at Bridgnorth.
  • 913
    • Æthelflæd rebuilds the ruined town of Tamworth as a burh and capital of Mercia, also establishing a burh at Stafford.
  • 914
    • Æthelflæd of Mercia establishes Eddisbury and Warwick as burhs.
    • (or 923) Death of Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 915
    • First Battle of Corbridge: Viking victory over the Anglo-Saxons.[1]
    • King Edward occupies Bedford.[1]
    • Æthelflæd of Mercia establishes Chirbury and Runcorn as burhs.
  • 917
    • King Edward captures Derby and seizes control of East Anglia. All Danes south of the Humber submit to his rule.[1]
  • 918
  • 919
  • 920
  • c. 923
    • Athelm enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 924
    • 17 July – Edward the Elder dies and is succeeded by Æthelstan as King of Wessex.[5]
  • 925
    • 4 September – coronation of Æthelstan as King of Wessex[1] at Kingston upon Thames.
  • 926
    • 8 January – death of Athelm, Archbishop of Canterbury. He will be succeeded by Wulfhelm.
    • 30 January – a sister of King Æthelstan, perhaps Edith of Polesworth, is married to Sitric Cáech, the squint-eyed Norse King of Northumbria and Dublin (died 927), in Tamworth.[6][7]
    • Possible date (or 936?) – Conan is nominated as Bishop of Cornwall by Æthelstan.
  • 927
  • 928
    • King Æthelstan sets the border between England and Wales at the River Wye.[1]
    • King Æthelstan asserts authority over the Cornish, and sets the border of Cornwall at the River Tamar.[1]
    • The scribe known as "Æthelstan A" begins to draft royal charters.
  • 931
    • Æthelstan holds the first Council of All England, at Colchester.[1]
  • 933
    • Æthelstan founds Milton Abbey in Dorset.
  • 934
    • Æthelstan invades Scotland, reaching as far as Caithness.[1]
  • 935
    • Approximate date – Æthelstan mints the first coins proclaiming himself to be "King of All Britain" (Rex To[tius] Brit[anniae]).[1][8]
  • 937
    • Battle of Brunanburh: King Æthelstan defeats Olaf Guthfrithson, the Norse King of Dublin, Constantine II, King of Scots, and Owain ap Dyfnwal, King of the Cumbrians.[5] In thanksgiving for his victory, on his return Æthelstan grants Beverley Minster collegiate status (according to legend).[9]
  • 939
  • 940
  • 941
    • King Olaf Guthfrithson dies; Amlaíb Cuarán (Óláfr Sigtryggsson) succeeds him as King of Northumbria.[1]
    • 12 February – death of Wulfhelm, Archbishop of Canterbury.
    • Oda enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 942
    • King Edmund re-captures the Five Boroughs.[1]
  • 943
    • Vikings take Tamworth.[10]
  • 944
    • King Edmund takes York from the Vikings.[5]
  • 945
  • 946
    • 26 May – King Edmund is murdered by an exiled criminal at Pucklechurch and succeeded by his brother Eadred of England[5] who is crowned on 16 August at Kingston upon Thames.
  • 947
  • 948
    • King Eadred expels Eric Bloodaxe from Northumbria.[5]
    • King Malcolm I of Scotland raids Northumbria.[1]
  • 949
    • Óláfr Sigtryggsson returns as King of Northumbria.[1]
  • 952
    • Eric Bloodaxe reconquers York.[5]
    • King Eadred imprisons Wulfstan of York.[1]
  • 954
    • Eric Bloodaxe is killed at Stainmore allowing King Eadred to recover York,[5] reuniting the kingdom of Northumbria with that of England, under the administration of Osulf I of Bamburgh.
  • 955
    • 23 November – King Eadred dies at Frome and is succeeded by his nephew Eadwig.[5]
  • 956
    • Dunstan exiled after quarreling with King Eadwig.[1]
  • 957
  • 958
  • 959
    • Ælfsige enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury but dies en route to Rome.
    • Byrhthelm enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
    • 1 October – King Edy dies and is succeeded by his brother Edgar the Peaceful.[5] Edgar overturns the appointment of Byrhthelm as Archbishop of Canterbury in favour of Dunstan.
  • 960
    • 21 September – Dunstan receives the pallium as Archbishop of Canterbury from Pope John XII.
  • 961
    • Saint Oswald becomes Bishop of Worcester; he establishes or re-founds abbeys at Ramsey, Cambridgeshire, Evesham, Pershore, and Winchcombe.[1] Ordgar, Ealdorman of Devon, founds Tavistock Abbey.
  • 963
    • King Edgar grants legal autonomy to the Danelaw.[1]
    • Æthelwold becomes Bishop of Winchester; re-founds abbeys at Ely and (about 966) Peterborough (Medeshamstede).[1]
  • c. 970
    • Regularis Concordia produced at Winchester.[4]
    • Oak tree begins growing in what will become Blenheim Park in Oxfordshire which will still be living in the second decade of the 21st century.[11]
  • 971
  • 973
    • 11 May – coronation of King Edgar at Bath.[5]
    • Edgar sails to Chester, and receives homage from the rulers of Alba, Strathclyde, Wales, and the Kingdom of the Isles.[1]
    • Edgar has the coinage called in and re-struck as uniform pennies.
  • 975
    • 8 July – King Edgar dies and is succeeded by his 12-year-old son Edward.[5]
  • 978
  • 980
    • Vikings begin a new wave of raids on England.[5]
  • 981
  • 985
    • King Æthelred grants lands at Hēatūn to Lady Wulfrun by royal charter, thus founding what will become Wolverhampton.[14][15]
  • 986
  • 988
    • 19 May – death of Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury. He is succeeded by Æthelgar.
  • 990
  • 991
    • 1 March – Æthelred signs a treaty with Duke Richard I of Normandy, by which each agrees not to aid the others' enemies.[1]
    • August – Norse invasion force sacks Ipswich.[1]
    • 10 August – Battle of Maldon: Danes defeat the English army,[5] whose leader, Byrhtnoth, is killed.
    • The first Danegeld, of £10,000, is paid to the Danes in return for their leaving England (according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle).[5]
  • 993
    • Danes raid Northumbria,[1] destroying the original fortifications at Bamburgh Castle.
  • 994
    • Norse and Danish armies ravage the south-east, but fail to capture London.[1]
    • £16,000 of Danegeld paid.[1]
    • Olaf II of Norway is baptised at Andover, and swears not to return to England.[1]
  • 995
  • 997
    • King Æthelred issues a law code at Wantage, defining the legal position in the Danelaw and introducing trial by jury.[1]
    • Ælfric of Eynsham completes the English Lives of Saints.[1]
  • 998
    • Danes raid southern and western coasts.[1]
  • 999
    • Danes raid Kent, attacking Rochester.[1]
  • 1000

Births

Deaths

References
  1. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 42–47. ISBN 978-0-7126-5616-0.
  2. Heighway, Carolyn (2001). "Gloucester and the new minister of St Oswald". In Higham, N. J.; Hill, D. H. (eds.). Edward the Elder 899-924. Routledge. p. 108.
  3. Haywood, John (1995). Historical Atlas of the Vikings. Penguin Books. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-140-51328-8.
  4. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 95–104. ISBN 978-0-304-35730-7.
  5. Smith, Christine. "Who Was St. Editha?". Archived from the original on 2012-10-19. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
  6. "Sihtric (Norse King of York)". Medieval People. TimeRef. Archived from the original on 2012-05-24. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
  7. "Silver coin of Athelstan". British Museum. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
  8. "History Timeline". Beverley Minster. Retrieved 2016-12-24.
  9. Swanton, Michael, ed. (1996). "Ms. D, s.a. 943". The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. New York: Routledge. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-415-92129-9. OCLC 214956905.
  10. Wilkinson, Joe (2016-07-12). "Experts locate the oldest oak of Britain". ProArb. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
  11. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 978-0-14-102715-9.
  12. "St Edward the Martyr". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company. 1909. Retrieved 2007-09-21.
  13. Kemble, John Mitchell. Codex Diplomaticus Ævi Saxoni no. 650.
  14. Jones, Jenny. "Lady Wulfruna: Wolverhampton's Founding Mother". Wolverhampton History and Heritage Society. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
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